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Longleaf pine ecosystem
The longleaf pine ecosystem is a diverse fire climax conifer pine dominate habitat that includes many rare plant and animal species, found within the southeastern United States. As once a dominate ecosystem of the southeastern portion of the United States, it now occupies less than a quarter of the original range. Degrading of the ecosystem is partially due to excessive timber harvesting, urbanization, and fire exclusion. Although the ecosystem is broken up in present time, it still carries various plant and animal species. Many of the relevant species found in the longleaf pine ecosystem only occur and can be found in the ecosystem alone. The great concern for the ecosystem as the present is the continuation and health of the overall plant and animal species which reside. Landowners will use a range of techniques, including planting longleaf seedlings, introducing prescribed burning regiments, managing native ground cover, and controlling invasive species within the Ecosytem
==Origins==
The prehistoric assumption of how the longleaf pine ecosystem was shaped comes from investigation of the time period of the ice age of the earth. Though the ice age period happened thousands of years ago geologist feel certain with the reasoning of start. The main ice cap of the original ice age extended southward to parts of the now present Ohio River of North America.〔 From this phenomenon of freezing, the south portion of North America was affected with a cooler and dryer climate. As a result, vegetation such as the longleaf pine and other pine species were associated to the coastal regions of the unexposed ice cap areas. These unexposed areas consisted of now present states Florida to Mexico. In periods to follow, as the earth’s climate slowly warmed, ice caps receded northward. With this slow succession, the climate of the south progressively changed to warm and dry. Also as a factor of the climate change, evolving of the longleaf pine ecosystem took place.〔
Although geologists feel confident with reasoning of the ecosystem start, some speculation of this reasoning is challenged by other researchers. This fact of challenge comes from little to no systematic data based out of the coastal regions of Florida to Mexico. With this lack of systematic data, no statistical values for reconstruction of the original ecosystem can be calculated. However extensive literature from various explores of southeastern North America is reliable when it comes to reconstructing original ecosystem information. Such literature is dated back as far as 1608, when captain John Smith recorded his accounts of the forest and first exports products of pines close to the new settlement in Jamestown, Virginia.〔〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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